Figure 1: Upper surface of Parmelia showing color, substrate
and form of the lichen.
Figure 2: Dark brown lower surface with mostly
marginal dark colored rhizines
Figure 3: Lichen taken from the adjacent corticolous substrate
Figure 4: Close up of Parmelia sulcata.
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| Figure 5: Lower surface with scattered rhizines evident |
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| Figure 6: Close up of upper surface showing white-maculate areas and white edges, gray-green color |
Name: Parmelia sulcata
Common Name: Taylor Hammered Sheild Lichen
Family: Parmeliaceae
Collection Date: 04/18/2011
Habitat: Slightly wooded front lawn, corticolous (bark) on Silver Maple, Acer saccharinum
Location: Geauga County, South Russell, Ohio
Description: Foliose, flattened, gray-green dorsal surface, brown, tan ventral surface, rhizines evident and brown, mostly scattered and near margins, white maculate near lobe tips
Collector: Willa S. Schrlau
Keying Information:
Keyed using Lichen Identification Flow Chart and Lichen Descriptions: http://lichens.science.oregonstate.edu/lab/flowchart.pdf Emily Holt. 2003. Oregon State Universityhttp://lichens.science.oregonstate.edu/lab/lichen%20descriptions.pdf
Keying steps:
Color - Top green
Leafy
Mostly Flat
Underside darker
Underside with hairs (rhizines)
Also keyed using Showman, R.E and Flenniken D.G. 2004. The Macrolichens of Ohio. Ohio Biological Survey, Columbus, Ohio.
Pgs. 18- 23 Key to the Genera of Ohio Macrolichens
Keying steps:
1 - Thallus foliose -2
2 - Thallus some shade of gray, green.....4
4 - Thallus thick or thin,m not gelatinous when wet.....6
6 -Rhizines present from lower surface....11
11 - Perithecia absent....13
13- Thallus not umbilicate, broadly attched to the substrate with scattered rhizines; ....on bark - 15
15 - Thallus containing green algae - 19
19 - Medulla white....24
24 - Thallus various, but without paw-shaped....lob tips 26
26 - Lower surface with sparse to moderate or occasionally numerous rhizines....28
28 - .....lobes variable in width 29
29 - Lower surface with a cortex throughout....30
30 - Thallus without pores.....white-maculate 35
35 - Thallus some shade of gray, gray-green.....36
36 - Thallus some gray, gray-green.....in color 38
38 - Lobes generally narrow and linear, 0.5 - 6 mm wide....42
42 - Undersurface black 49
49 - Lower surface smooth, corticate and shiny, black to dark brown near the margins 50
50 - Upper surface with distinct white markings towards the tips of the lobes.....Parmelia
page 142 Key to Species
1 - Thallus sorediate......P. sulcata
Ecology pg 143 (Showman and Flenniken, 2004)
Common in Ohio on tree bark. A pioneer species. Tolerant to air pollution.
Lichen Links: http://www.lichen.com/
